C++

參考

<string>

string

類
<string>

std::string

typedef basic_string<char> string;
String class
Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters.

標準stringclass provides support for such objects with an interface similar to that of a standard container of bytes, but adding features specifically designed to operate with strings of single-byte characters.

要放回的字元的stringclass is an instantiation of the basic_string class template that useschar(i.e., bytes) as its character type, with its default char_traits and allocator types (see basic_string for more info on the template).

Note that this class handles bytes independently of the encoding used: If used to handle sequences of multi-byte or variable-length characters (such as UTF-8), all members of this class (such as length or size), as well as its iterators, will still operate in terms of bytes (not actual encoded characters).

成員型別

成員型別定義
value_typechar
traits_typechar_traits<char>
allocator_typeallocator<char>
引用char&
const_referenceconst char&
指標char*
const_pointerconst char*
iterator一個指向char(convertible toconst_iterator)
const_iterator一個指向const char
reverse_iteratorreverse_iterator<iterator>
const_reverse_iteratorreverse_iterator<const_iterator>
difference_typeptrdiff_t
size_typesize_t

成員函式

（建構函式）
構造字串物件 (public member function)
(解構函式)
String destructor (public member function)
operator=
字串賦值 (公共成員函式)

迭代器:
begin
返回指向起始位置的迭代器 (公開成員函式)
end
返回指向末尾的迭代器 (公開成員函式)
rbegin
返回指向反向起始位置的反向迭代器 (公開成員函式)
rend
返回指向反向末尾的反向迭代器 (公開成員函式)
cbegin
返回指向起始位置的 const_iterator (公開成員函式)
cend
返回指向末尾的 const_iterator (公開成員函式)
crbegin
返回指向反向起始位置的 const_reverse_iterator (公開成員函式)
crend
返回指向反向末尾的 const_reverse_iterator (公開成員函式)

容量:
size
返回字串的長度 (公共成員函式)
長度
返回字串的長度 (公共成員函式)
max_size
返回字串的最大大小 (公共成員函式)
resize
調整字串大小 (公共成員函式)
容量
返回分配儲存的大小 (公共成員函式)
reserve
請求更改容量 (公共成員函式)
clear
清除字串 (公共成員函式)
empty
Test if string is empty (public member function)
shrink_to_fit
縮小到適合 (公共成員函式)

元素訪問:
operator[]
獲取字串的字元 (public member function)
at
獲取字串中的字元 （公共成員函式）
back
訪問最後一個字元 (公共成員函式)
front
訪問第一個字元 (public member function)

修改器:
operator+=
Append to string (public member function)
append
Append to string (public member function)
push_back
將字元附加到字串 (公共成員函式)
assign
將內容分配給字串 (public member function)
insert
Insert into string (public member function)
erase
從字串中刪除字元 (公共成員函式)
replace
替換字串的一部分 (public member function)
swap
交換字串值 (公共成員函式)
pop_back
Delete last character (public member function)

String operations:
c_str
獲取 C 字串等效項 (公共成員函式)
data
獲取字串資料 (public member function)
get_allocator
獲取分配器 (公開成員函式)
copy
從字串複製字元序列 (public member function)
find
在字串中查詢內容 (公共成員函式)
rfind
在字串中查詢內容最後一次出現的位置 (公共成員函式)
find_first_of
在字串中查詢字元 (公共成員函式)
find_last_of
從字串末尾查詢字元 (公共成員函式)
find_first_not_of
在字串中查詢不存在的字元 (public member function)
find_last_not_of
從字串末尾查詢不匹配的字元 (公共成員函式)
substr
生成子字串 (公共成員函式)
compare
比較字串 (公共成員函式)

成員常量

npos
Maximum value for size_t (public static member constant)

非成員函式過載

`operator+`
連線字串 (函式)
關係運算符
Relational operators for string (function)
swap
Exchanges the values of two strings (function)
operator>>
Extract string from stream (function)
operator<<
Insert string into stream (function)
getline
Get line from stream into string (function)